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The purpose of this paper is to identify the design elements of environmental features that affect consumer experience in shopping malls and develop a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between architectural design and consumer experience.

Through the systematic literature review, 13 design elements were obtained and then verified through interviews of 30 professional designers. The obtained elements were made into a questionnaire to collect data across China from 1,016 consumers of different groups. Data were analyzed using cluster analysis, principal component analysis and difference analysis.

The results show that design elements that influence consumer experience in shopping malls are a four-dimensional construct: visual atmosphere, physical environment comfort, space structure and business planning, among which space structure and business planning play a larger role in the consumer experience. In addition, the perception differences of consumers for those elements are significant due to the individual differences.

This paper comprehensively investigates the architectural design elements affecting consumer experience in the Chinese mall context. Moreover, it provides unique insights about the relationship between architectural design and consumer experience by exploring the categories, weights and perception differences of those elements.

This study aimed to utilize Epistemic Network Analysis (ENA) for a thorough evaluation of policy documents concerning the digital transformation in Vietnam's higher education sector.

Adopting a quantitative ethnography approach, this research employed ENA to analyse a curated collection of 21 documents that specifically addressed higher education (HE) and digital transformation within Vietnam. The study also incorporated qualitative content analysis, utilizing the constant comparison method as outlined by Onwuegbuzie et al. (2009), for data coding. ENA facilitated the examination of connections among various policy aspects.

The study revealed a consistent overarching theme in Vietnam's digital transformation policies during and post-pandemic, focusing on key areas such as ADMINISTRATION, VISION, QUALITY, and INFRASTRUCTURE. However, a temporal shift in emphasis was observed: during the pandemic, policies were more focused on ADMINISTRATION and INFRASTRUCTURE, while post-pandemic, there was an increased emphasis on COLLAB, VISION, and TEACH_LEARN.

This research represents one of the initial efforts to showcase the utility and significance of ENA in analysing policy documents. It underscores ENA's potential in elucidating the complex interplay of policy elements in the context of digital transformation in higher education, particularly within a developing country setting.

Digitally driven virtual streamers are increasingly utilized in live-streaming commerce, possessing distinct advantages compared to human streamers. However, the applicable scenarios of virtual streamers are still unclear. Focusing on product attribute variances, this paper compares the livestreaming effects of virtual and human streamers to clarify the applicable scenarios for each and assist companies in strategically choosing suitable streamers.

We conducted four experiments utilizing both images and video as stimulus materials, and each experiment employed different products. To test the proposed model, a total of 1,068 valid participants were recruited, encompassing a diverse group of individuals, including undergraduates and employed workers.

The results indicate no significant difference between virtual and human streamers in increasing consumers’ purchase intention for utilitarian products. In contrast, human streamers are more effective in enhancing consumer purchase intention for hedonic products, with a mediating role of mental imagery quality. Consumers’ implicit personality variances also influence their willingness to accept virtual streamers.

This paper is the first to compare the effects of virtual and human streamers in promoting different products to enhance our comprehension of virtual streamers. Given the potential risks associated with human streamers, a comprehensive understanding of the role of virtual streamers is imperative for brands when deploying live-streaming commerce activities.

Research on grey systems is becoming more sophisticated, and grey relational and prediction analyses are receiving close review worldwide. Particularly, the application of grey systems in marine economics is gaining importance. The purpose of this paper is to summarize and review literature on grey models, providing new directions in their application in the marine economy.

This paper organized seminal studies on grey systems published by Chinese core journal database – CNKI, Web of Science and Elsevier from 1982 to 2018. After searching the aforementioned database for the said duration, the authors used the CiteSpace visualization tools to analyze them.

The authors sorted the studies according to their countries/regions, institutions, keywords and categories using the CiteSpace tool; analyzed current research characteristics on grey models; and discussed their possible applications in marine businesses, economy, scientific research and education, marine environment and disasters. Finally, the authors pointed out the development trend of grey models.

Although researches are combining grey theory with fractals, neural networks, fuzzy theory and other methods, the applications, in terms of scope, have still not met the demand. With the increasingly in-depth research in marine economics and management, international marine economic research has entered a new period of development. Grey theory will certainly attract scholars’ attention, and its role in marine economy and management will gain considerable significance.

The study aims to examine how different types of green brand ritual (GBR) influence customer engagement behavior and the mediation mechanisms and boundary conditions of the positive and negative pathways.

The study conducts two online experiments to collect data from a total of 940 consumers in China. Hypotheses are tested by independent samples t-test, two-way ANOVA and Hayes' PROCESS model.

Different kinds of GBR have different effects on customer engagement behavior. Internal GBR is more likely to play a positive role by inciting connectedness to nature. External GBR is more likely to play a negative role by inciting psychological resistance. This dual effect is especially pronounced for warm brands rather than competent brands.

The study pioneers the brand ritual into the field of interactive marketing and enriches its dual effect research. Additionally, the study figures out whether the category of brand ritual can trigger negative effect.

Inappropriate brand rituals are worse than no rituals at all. The results provide guidance for green companies to design effective brand rituals to strengthen the connection with consumers. Green brands should describe brand rituals in vivid detail and consciously lead consumers to immerse themselves in them.

The purpose of this paper is to construct a new algorithm of program procedure for medical grey relational method based on SAS software.

Based on the SAS environment, the authors construct a new algorithm of program procedure through the following methods: the construction data set, confirmation of the comparison sequence and reference sequence, the original data transformation, calculation of the grey relational coefficient of reference sequence and comparison sequence and calculating the correlation.

The results show that the novel algorithm of program procedure for medical grey relational method based on SAS software satisfies the properties properly. It also fully confirmed the biggest advantage of the grey relational analysis is that its requirements are not too high for the amount of data, and it does not need to follow the typical distribution.

The paper succeeds in constructing a novel algorithm of program procedures for medical grey relational method and providing a valuable tool for solving similar problems.

The aim of this study was to examine the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak and the international communication management of Chinese diplomats as a case for extending the definition of intermestic public diplomacy. The goal was to reveal how Beijing subtly used both domestic and foreign social media to organize a network for communication about COVID-19 and purposefully soften the highly centralized and hierarchical political propaganda of the Communist Party of China (CPC).

Based on the literature on digital public diplomacy, the authors applied the existing concept of intermestic to Chinese politics in order to demonstrate the digitalization of public diplomacy, along with its forms and strategies under an authoritarian regime. A hybrid methodology combining quantitative network analysis and qualitative discourse analysis permits examination of China's intermestic online communication network dynamics, shedding light on how such an intermestic practice promoted Chinese values and power to international publics in the early stages of the COVID-19 crisis.

The authors’ findings extend the implications of intermestic public diplomacy from a democratic context to an authoritarian one. By analyzing the content of public diplomacy and para-diplomatic social media accounts in China and abroad at the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis, the authors outlined China's early crisis management, explaining its intermestic public diplomacy transmission modes and strategies. Moreover, the authors identified changes in the narrative strategies of Chinese diplomats and journalists during this process.

The findings of this study underline that Beijing established a narrative-making virtual communication structure for disseminating favorable Chinese strategic narratives and voices through differentiated communication on domestic and foreign social media platforms. Such intermestic communication strategies were particularly evident and even further weaponized by Beijing in its large-scale Wolf Warrior diplomacy in the spring of 2020. Thus, the study’s findings help readers understand how China digitalized its public diplomacy, its digital communication patterns and strategies.

On the one hand, geopolitical uncertainty and the popularity of social media have contributed to the evolution of the intermestic model of public diplomacy. This model allows actors to coordinate homogenous and differentiated communication practices to deploy their influence. On the other hand, the authors did not examine how intermestic audiences perceive and receive public diplomacy practices. In future studies, scholars should measure the agenda-setting capacity of diplomatic actors by examining the effects of such intermestic communication efforts.

COVID-19 has severely affected urban and rural tourism in China, which has been extensively reported in the newspapers. This paper aims to discuss the impact of COVID-19 on urban and rural tourism at each critical juncture of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the studies, measures and attitudes of various stakeholders toward urban and rural tourism and their future development.

This paper collects Chinese news reports as the research object and uses ROST Content Mining 6.0 and Gephi software to analyze and visualize the data for high-frequency words and analyzed the discourse of stakeholders within the newspaper text.

This study found that prior to February 20, 2020, the Chinese Government mainly focused on pandemic prevention. From February 21 to April 3 (before The Qingming Festival), resumption of work and production became the theme. From April 4 to May 1 (before May Day), a time-sharing reservation system was widely implemented and the differentiation between urban and rural tourism became more prominent. After May 1, rural tourism attracted greater attention.

This paper uses discourse analysis to understand the impact of COVID-19 on urban and rural tourism from the perspective of time nodes and the relationship between various stakeholders and predicts the development trends within urban and rural tourism. This paper enriches and expands tourism management knowledge in the face of major crises, providing valuable advice for managers and investors and makes suggestions for the development of urban and rural tourism.

COVID-19已严重影响了中国的城市和乡村旅游业, 报纸上对此进行了广泛报道。本文旨在探讨在COVID-19大流行的每个关键时刻对城乡旅游的影响, 以及各种利益相关者对城乡旅游及其未来发展的观点, 措施和态度。

本文以中文新闻报道为研究对象, 利用ROST Content Mining 6.0和Gephi软件对高频词数据进行分析和可视化, 分析了报纸正文中利益相关者的话语。

这项研究发现, 在2020年2月20日之前, 中国政府主要将重点放在疫情防控上。 2月21日至4月3日（清明节之前）, 复工复产成为主题。 从4月4日至5月1日（五一节之前）, 分时预约系统得到广泛实施, 城市和乡村旅游业的区别更加突出。 5月1日之后, 乡村旅游引起了更多关注。

本文通过话语分析从时间节点和各个利益相关者之间的关系的角度了解了COVID-19对城乡旅游业的影响, 并预测了城乡旅游业的发展趋势。 面对重大危机, 本文丰富和扩展了旅游管理知识, 为管理者和投资者提供了宝贵的建议, 并为城乡旅游业的发展提供了建议。

COVID-19 ha afectado gravemente al turismo urbano y rural en China, que ha sido ampliamente informado en los periódicos. Este documento tiene como objetivo discutir el impacto de COVID-19 en el turismo urbano y rural en cada coyuntura crítica de la pandemia de COVID-19, así como los puntos de vista, las medidas y las actitudes de diversos interesados en relación con el turismo urbano y rural y su desarrollo futuro.

Este documento recopiló informes de noticias chinos como objeto de investigación y utilizó el software ROST Content Mining 6.0 y Gephi para analizar y visualizar los datos de palabras de alta frecuencia y analizó el discurso de los interesados dentro del texto del periódico.

Este estudio encontró que antes del 20 de febrero de 2020, el gobierno chino se centró principalmente en la prevención de la pandemia en lugares pintorescos. Del 21 de febrero al 3 de abril (antes del Festival de Qingming), la reanudación del trabajo y la producción se convirtió en el tema. Desde el 4 de abril hasta el 1 de mayo (antes del Primero de Mayo), se implementó ampliamente un sistema de reserva de tiempo compartido y la diferenciación entre el turismo urbano y el rural se hizo más prominente. Después del 1 de mayo, el turismo rural atrajo mayor atención.

En este documento, se utiliza el análisis del discurso para comprender el impacto de COVID-19 en el turismo urbano y rural desde la perspectiva de los nodos de tiempo y la relación entre los diversos interesados y se predice las tendencias de desarrollo dentro del turismo urbano y rural. Este trabajo enriquece y amplía el conocimiento de la gestión turística frente a las grandes crisis, brindando valiosos consejos a administradores e inversores, y hace sugerencias para el desarrollo del turismo urbano y rural.

Though China is taking many steps to offer affordable houses to the public, the gap between the demand and supply for such affordable houses is still huge. Rapidly growing demand for affordable housing has encouraged large Chinese cities, faced with housing imbalance, to invest in developing affordable properties. As a result, the Chinese central government has started to encourage local governments to use Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) and private capital to supplement the funding deficit. There is also an on-going debate regarding the need to establish prerequisites for institutions to meet in order to achieve effective PPPs. In this paper, we examine what the current institutional environment is in China and how China is meeting these prerequisites for effective PPPs. We also examine the main programs on affordable housing and propose a potential field for using PPPs. We draw the conclusion that PPPs are more favorable for renting-oriented type projects than owning-oriented projects. In this context, the advantages of the PPP model for China's renting-oriented affordable housing programs are would be the provision of private financing, the enhancing efficiency by involving private sector experts and the statement of bundling constructions and maintenance and operation work in the contract, which motivates the private sector to build properties up to standard for its cost efficiency from the whole project perspective.

Drawing upon the cross-cultural adjustment (CCA) model and self-determination theory, this study investigated the influence of CCA (work, interactional, and general adjustment) and motivation (autonomous and controlled) on the innovative work behavior of self-initiated expatriates (SIEs).

Multi-source data were collected from 213 SIEs and their supervisors working in the United Arab Emirates to provide an understanding of the role of SIEs' CCA and motivation and their innovative work behavior.

Findings indicated that work, interactional, and general adjustment are positively related to innovative work behavior. Autonomous motivation positively predicts innovative work behavior, while controlled motivation does not. Additionally, autonomous motivation moderated the effects of work adjustment and interactional adjustment on SIEs' innovative work behavior, whereas controlled motivation moderates the effect of general adjustment on SIEs' innovative work behavior.

SIEs are regarded as talents that have the skills and valuable knowledge gained from their international experience and can be utilized in organizations to perform innovative work behaviors. However, SIEs face adjustment challenges that may hinder their ability to be innovative. Despite their potential as innovation drivers in organizations, there are few studies on the factors that affect SIEs' innovative behavior. This study contributes to the literature by examining the effects of adjustment and motivation on SIEs' innovative work behavior.